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When Majorities Fail is a study of institutional failure in Russia's first democratic legislature. Inadequate rules and a chaotic party system combined to make it nearly impossible to pass a coherent legislative program, including a new constitution. The internal instability in Russia's parliament is known as cycling, one of the most important theoretical concepts in formal study of legislatures. There are few recorded cases of cycling in politically important settings. This book documents the presence of cyclical majorities in Russian Parliament with comprehensive case and statistical analysis, and demonstrates how the failure to adopt a new constitution led to the confrontation between parliament and president in the fall of 1993. Earlier research has shown that the design of a legislative institution is crucial in preventing cycling. The author shows how the institutional design of the parliament failed, underscoring the importance of institutional design in a democratic transition.

Legislative bodies --- Representative government and representation --- Russia (Federation). --- Gosduma (Russia : 1993- ) --- Russian State Duma (Russia : 1993- ) --- Duma (Russia : 1993- ) --- Social Sciences --- Political Science --- Gosudarstvennai︠a︡ Duma Rossiĭskoĭ Federat︠s︡ii --- Gosduma FS RF

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From the first free elections in post-Soviet Russia in 1989 to the end of the Yeltsin period in 1999, Russia's parliament was the site of great political upheavals. Conflicts between communists and reformers generated constant turmoil, and twice parliamentary institutions broke down in violence. This book offers the first full account of the inaugural decade of Russia's parliament. Thomas F. Remington, a leading scholar of Russian politics, describes in unique detail the Gorbachev-era parliament of 1989-91, the interim parliament of 1990-93, and the current Federal Assembly.Focusing particularly on the emergence of parliamentary parties and bicameralism, Remington explores how the organization of the Russian parliament changed, why some changes failed while others were accepted, and why the current parliament is more effective and viable than its predecessors. He links the story of parliamentary evolution in Russia to contemporary theories of institutional development and concludes that, notwithstanding the turbulence of Russia's first postcommunist decade, parliament has served as a stabilizing influence in Russian political life.

Representative government and representation --- #SBIB:324H40 --- #SBIB:328H262 --- Politieke structuren: algemeen --- Instellingen en beleid: Rusland en het GOS --- Russia (Federation). --- Gosduma (Russia : 1993- ) --- Russian State Duma (Russia : 1993- ) --- Duma (Russia : 1993- ) --- Gosudarstvennai︠a︡ Duma Rossiĭskoĭ Federat︠s︡ii --- Gosduma FS RF

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When there is uncertainty about the gender identity or social gender role of an individual, determining exactly who the opposite sex is can be a complicated question for both the transgender person and for those who seek to relate to her. Written in both an enlightened and a reader friendly style interspersed with vignettes, When the Opposite Sex Isn't offers a combination of insights and common sense understanding of the diversity of the human condition together with concepts of gender and sexuality that expand the horizons of any mental health professional, regardless of the clin

Transgender people. --- Transgender people --- Gender identity. --- Male-to-female transsexuals. --- Gender nonconformity. --- Gender variance (Gender nonconformity) --- Genderqueer --- Non-binary gender --- TGNC (Transgender and gender nonconformity) --- Transgenderism --- Gender expression --- Gender identity --- M-Fs (Male-to-female transsexuals) --- M2Fs (Male-to-female transsexuals) --- Male transsexuals --- MTF transsexuals --- MTFs (Male-to-female transsexuals) --- Trans females --- Trans women --- Transfemales --- Transsexual females --- Transsexual women --- Transwomen --- Transgender women --- Transsexuals --- Sex identity (Gender identity) --- Sexual identity (Gender identity) --- Identity (Psychology) --- Sex (Psychology) --- Queer theory --- Transgender identity --- TG people --- TGs (Transgender people) --- Trans-identified people --- Trans people --- Transgender-identified people --- Transgendered people --- Transgenders --- Transpeople --- Persons --- Identity. --- Transgenderism. --- Transgender women. --- Women --- M to Fs (Transgender women) --- M2Fs (Transgender women) --- Male-to-female transgender people --- MTFs (Transgender women) --- Transfeminine people --- Transfeminine spectrum people --- Transgender females --- Male-to-female transsexuals --- Gender dysphoria

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Grazing --- Forest reserves --- Range policy --- Forest policy --- Forestry --- Earth & Environmental Sciences --- Forest management --- Forest resource policy --- Forests and forestry --- State and forestry --- Economic policy --- Range management --- Rangelands --- Forest management areas --- Forest parks --- Forest preserves --- Forest protected areas --- Forests, National --- Forests, State --- Management areas, Forest --- National forests --- Parks, Forest --- Preserves, Forest --- Reserves, Forest --- State forests --- Natural monuments --- Natural resources conservation areas --- Protected areas --- Public lands --- National parks and reserves --- Agricultural systems --- Animal feeding --- Pastures --- History. --- History --- Government policy --- United States. --- FS --- Meiguo nong ye bu lin wu ju --- U.S. Forest Service --- USDA Forest Service --- USFS

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"A history of transgender femininity in New Order (1965-1998) Indonesia, contending that waria, one of Indonesia's trans feminine populations, have cultivated a distinctive way of captivating the affective, material, and spatial experiences of belonging to a modern "public" through their relationship to technology"--

Transgender women. --- Technology --- Identity (Psychology) --- Femininity. --- Femininity --- Transgender women --- Social aspects. --- Social aspects --- Indonesia. --- Asian history --- M to Fs (Transgender women) --- M2Fs (Transgender women) --- Male-to-female transgender people --- MTFs (Transgender women) --- Trans females --- Trans women --- Transfemales --- Transfeminine people --- Transfeminine spectrum people --- Transgender females --- Transwomen --- Transgender people --- Women --- Femininity (Psychology) --- Sex (Psychology) --- Personal identity --- Personality --- Self --- Ego (Psychology) --- Individuality --- Applied science --- Arts, Useful --- Science, Applied --- Useful arts --- Science --- Industrial arts --- Material culture --- Dutch East Indies --- Dutch East Indies (Territory under Japanese occupation, 1942-1945) --- Endonèsie --- Indanezii︠a︡ --- Indoneshia --- Indoneshia Kyōwakoku --- Indonesië --- Indonesya --- Indonezia --- Indonezii︠a︡ --- Indonezija --- İndoneziya --- İndoneziya Respublikası --- Indūnīsīyā --- Induonezėjė --- Jumhūrīyah Indūnīsīyā --- PDRI --- Pemerintah Darurat Republik Indonesia --- R.I. --- Republic of Indonesia --- Republic of the United States of Indonesia --- Republica d'Indonesia --- Republiek van Indonesië --- Republik Indonesia --- Republik Indonesia Serikat --- Republika Indonezii︠a︡ --- Republika Indonezija --- Rėspublika Indanezii︠a︡ --- RI --- United States of Indonesia --- Yinni